Notes

Preface

1. Nakanishi, Akira. Writing Systems of the World: Alphabets, Syllabaries, Pictograms. (English language edition of Sekai no Moji). 4th printing. Singapore. Charles E. Tuttle Co. 1994.

2. Coulmas, Florian. “Mormon Writing”. The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Writing Systems. Blackwell Publishers. 1996.

3. The symbols given in this table, I later learned, were of an earlier version of the Deseret Alphabet which was never put into print. Many of these symbols bear little resemblance to those used in the 1860s. The phonetic transcription given alongside the symbols in the table does not correspond to the IPA or any Americanist system of which I am aware.

4. Beesley, Kenneth R. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 22nd International Unicode Conference. San Jose. August 14, 2002.

Chapter 1

1. Hamilton, C. Mark. Nineteenth-Century Mormon Architecture and City Planning. New York: Oxford UP. 1995. 3-8.

2. Hamilton 8-11.

3. Hamilton 14-19.

4. Johnson, Jefferey Ogden. “Deseret, State of.” Encyclopedia of Mormonism. 1992.

5. Monson, Samuel C. “Deseret Alphabet.” Encyclopedia of Mormonism. 1992

6. Beesley. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 17-31.

7. Beesley. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 35-37.

8. Beesley. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 30-32.

9. Beesley. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 37-39.

Chapter 2

1. Kenyon, John S. and Thomas A. Knott. A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English. Merriam-Webster Inc. 1953. xxxviii.

2.𐑄 𐐺𐐳𐐿 𐐱𐑂 𐑋𐐫𐑉𐑋𐐲𐑌 (The Book of Mormon). trans. Joseph Smith Jr. New York. 1869.

(The Deseret Alphabet edition of the Book of Mormon will hereafter be referred to as DBOM in the notes.)

3. Beesley. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 27-28.

4. Kenyon and Knott xix.

5. Kenyon and Knott xli.

6. While on my mission in Northern England (1997-1999), this vowel difference between British and American standard pronunciations caused confusion on at least two occasions. First, while shopping I asked a store clerk for floss, which in America is pronounced as either /flɔs/ or /flɑs/, and the clerk thought I had asked for a flask which in England is pronounced as /flɑsk/. The second incident happened in a fish and chip shop. I requested cod, which in America is pronounced /kɑd/, and the employees of the shop looked puzzled and explained that they did not sell cards. In England card is pronounced as /kɑd/. I finally had to mimic a British accent and ask for /kɒd/ (the English pronunciation of cod) before I was able to get a sensible response.

7. Kenyon and Knott xx.

8. Monson. “Deseret Alphabet.” Encyclopedia of Mormonism. 1992.

9. Kenyon and Knott xxi.

10. Kenyon and Knott xl.

11. Kenyon and Knott xxxix.

12. Kenyon and Knott xlii-xliii.

13. Kenyon and Knott xxxix.

Chapter 3

1. The class, titled Alternate English Orthographies, was a student-initiated, student-run upper division class sponsored by faculty. Students who initiate and conduct such classes are expressly forbidden from claiming to have taught at UC Berkeley. Ian Maddieson, a professor in Berkeley’s linguistics department and a world-renowned expert on phonetics, sponsored this particular class.

2. The class had eight students with the following backgrounds (each student has been assigned an arbitrary number):

3. DBOM 409.

Chapter 4

1. Beesley. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 18-19

2. Beesley. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 21

3. Beesley, Kenneth R. “M.J. Shelton to George A. Smith.” unpublished manuscript.

According to Beesley, this variant character was peculiar to Marion Jackson Shelton.

4. Beesley. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 20-21

Chapter 5

1. Beesley. “The Deseret Alphabet in Unicode.” 37-40